Thesis Proposal Rh Law in the Philippines - 2075 Words

Reproductive Health Law: Knowledge and Adaptability among Residents of a Selected Barangay Chapter I Background and Theoretical Framework of the Study Introduction of the Study On August 16, 1999, the first version of what is known as the Reproductive Health Bill is filed in the 11th Congress as House Bill 8110. Nothing came out of House Bill 8110. In the succeeding 12th Congress, Rep Bellaflor Angara filed a similar bill. House Bill 4110 was the first bill to be called the Reproductive Health Bill. The bill was refiled and refiled until it made progress in the 14th Congress. It reached the stage in the legislative process where the entire House could debate it in plenary. The national debate, the war, began. Lagman, Iloilo Rep Janette†¦show more content†¦It also provides a free access to the contraceptives and would help reduce an alarming number of maternal mortality and morbidity rate and slow spread of AIDS (Inquirer News, 2012). This law prioritizes poor households identified by the National Household Targeting System for Poverty Reduction (NHT-PR) and other government measures of identifying marginalization, who sha ll be voluntary beneficiaries of reproductive health care, services and supplies for free. (RA 10354, Section 2) Many Filipino women have faced difficulties and sometimes death because of the absence of a comprehensive and consistent reproductive health policy. This law can change that, said Carlos Conde, Asia researcher at New York-based Human Rights Watch 2012. Studies reported that most college students of the year 2003 lacked basic knowledge on reproductive health. Almost half of the students don’t have any idea about the right time for abortions while one sixth had the knowledge. One third had incorrect knowledge; this was an indication of high rates for unwanted pregnancy. (Zhou, Ye, Gu, Zeng, and Wang 2012) Chapter II Review of Related Literature RH Law The RH Law is composed of 30 sections. Section(1)Title, (2)Declaration of Policy, (3)Guiding Principles for Implementation,(4)Definition of Terms, (5)Hiring of Skilled Health Professionals for Maternal Health Care andShow MoreRelatedLegalization of Same Sex Marriage9779 Words   |  40 PagesTHE LEGALIZATION OF SAME SEX MARRIAGE AS ASSESED BY CITHM STUDENTS S.Y. 2011-2012 A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the College of International Tourism And Hospitality Management LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Tourism By Ang, Dianne Marie M. Bayot, Donalynne B. October 2011 CHAPTER 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND INTRODUCTION    In our generation today, homosexuals

Is Generation Y Unemployed or Just Lazy Free Essays

Is Generation Y Unemployed or Just Lazy? In recent years, Generation Y is particularly underemployed in the United States. Some people consider sluggish economy as an important reason for Generation Y unemployed. Other said the most important reason is Generation Y is extreme laziness – despite the opportunities that await them. We will write a custom essay sample on Is Generation Y Unemployed or Just Lazy or any similar topic only for you Order Now I agree with the second point. In my opinion, Generation Y just lazy, they don’t want to spend a lot of time to work. They are making a choice to work at companies that pay less but offer them that more free time. Although they have bachelor’s degree, they prefer to work in retail jobs. This may be due to their attributes, working attitude and government compensation. The first reason that leads to Generation Y lazy can be Generation Y’s attribute. â€Å"We can learn Generation Y does assign different levels of importance and partially assigns different levels of happiness to the five motivational factors examined in this study: responsibilities, compensation, work environment, advancement potential, and free time. This study represents the first attempt to explore motivational factors for the Generation Y workforce within the federal government†(Barford). Depend on my research, I learned Generation Y’s responsibility is least, and free time is the most important for Generation Y. They are making a choice to work at companies that pay less but offer them that more free time. Generation Y’s attributes showed us that they have less responsibility for company and they would like get more free time. In other word, they don’t spend a lot of time to work. Second, underemployed due to Generation Y’s working attitude. We can learn the best-paid jobs with companies ranked high among Generation Y are all in science and technology, the survey shows. Google, Intel and Microsoft are all among the top five best companies for Gen Y, ranked based on average pay for Millennial working there, job satisfaction and flexible schedules, among other things. At the same time, it’s most common for Gen Y to work for small companies of 100 employees or less†(Hadley). We can learn Generation Y prefer to flexible schedules and chose small companies. They most likely to hold low-paying jobs in retail, so that degree is not important for them. They don’t want to study in high school or university because they can find a job without degree. On the other hand, Internet is very important for Generation Y. In fact more than half of Gen Y workers â€Å"will not accept a job that bans social media. † This report demonstrates that to Gen Y, they â€Å"consider the internet to be as important as air, water, food, and shelter and will choose a lower paying job in order to be able use it – especially in lieu of doing any actual work. Because Generation Y is lazy, they are not employed in large numbers inside America’s biggest companies. This is Generation Y’s working attitude that is one of reason of lazy. The government compensation effects on unemployment, which stimulate unemployment people, are lazy to seeking job. The government unemployment compensation is likely to have increased the average rate of unemployment. â€Å"Our current system of unemployment compensation has two distinct but related bad incentives. The first one for those who are employed, it reduces and eliminated the cost of increasing the period of unemployment. The second effect for more unsteady work, it raises net wage to the employee relative to the cost to the employer. â€Å"(Feldstein ;amp; Martin, p 39). According to these two effects of unemployment compensation, it stimulates the people who are lazy to seeking job. The government unemployment entitlement gives guarantee for the people who are lose job or seeking job, however, this overprotected politics cases extreme laziness to underemployment to find job. In conclusion, I agree with this point that Generation Y is just lazy. This may be due to their attributes, working attitude and government compensation. Actually, Generation Y can improve their life quality, if they are not lazy. They have ability to get good degree and find a good job. Works Cited Barford, Ian N and Hester, Defense Acquisition Research Journal: A Publication of the Defense Acquisition University; Jan/Feb2011, Vol. 18 Issue 1, p63-80, 18p, 2 Color Photographs, 5 Graphs Hadley Malcolm, Gen Y most likely to hold low-paying jobs in retail, USA Today, 07347456, AUG 22, 2012. Feldstein ;amp; Martin. Unemployment compensation: its effect on unemployment. Monthly Labor Review; Mar76, Vol. 99 Issue 3, p39, 3p. How to cite Is Generation Y Unemployed or Just Lazy, Papers

Economic Freedom Environment and Economic Growth

Question: Discuss about the Economic Freedom Environment and Economic Growth. Answer: Introduction Economic growth is strongly believed to be steered on by stock market development. Productivity and greater positive economic growth is realized through physical capital accumulation and steady prices of shares in stock market. Economic growth is as well believed to be enhanced by stock markets development and banks; this is according to (Neusser Kuglar, 1998). Despite the presence of a number of theories concerning the impact of the stock market and financial institutions on economic growth, there is insufficient information provided on the empirical relationship between the two factors. The effects of stock markets on economic growth are still obscure on both high and low income countries. The places of trade of share for the public companies are referred to as stock markets. The buyer and the seller agree on the price at which the shares will be sold and bought upon their agreements. Regulatory authorities control the stock market exchange. The only shares which are sold or bought must be the ones listed for the transactions in the stock markets exchange. These activities tend to show the importance of the financial institutions through stock markets, idle savings are mobilized for flow and circulation in the market for productivity and growth of the economy. On the other hand, after the idle saving have been made into useful and productive capital, the process as well result to the surge of the financial institutions. In the recent past, developing countries have been experiencing stock market growth and development. Sub-Saharan Africa have shown a sharp shoot up of the stock market since 1989 when the number used only to be five, but currently the number have increased to almost thirty. The rising numbers of stock market development in these regions have been associated with the growth of economy in those regions since the stock market has got variety of roles to play. The health of stock market should be maintained in order to reap fully out of it. As a result of stock market development, the rates of growth of savings will be increased this will in turn have some positive effect on the growth on the economy. Additionally, the available resources are ensured that they are fully made use of appropriately towards developing and growing the economy through the stock market development. Small companies are nurtured for development by the stock market development through creating good investment oppo rtunities for those companies. The government for the countries that adopt and make good use of stock markets finds it easy to raise capital for development of their projects which helps in efficient allocation of investment resources. Relevant relationship between stock market and economic growth The relationship and the link between the growth of economy and how the stock market development results to the growth is still an open research field for which most of the economists have been trying to work on without much success. Some empirical studies carried out (Beck et al, 2014) and Korajezyk (1996) came up with a correlation that was trying to link the stock market and growth of the economy. This was also observed to be working well in India when they applied industrial production (IP) only to experience the changes due to the shift in the data frequency. According to (Beck et al, 2014), they used the dynamic framework for Chinese provinces in assessing the roles in the transitional economy. Stock price movements are often a reflection of what occurs in the economy and they are therefore a source of consumer confidence. Consumer confidence is affected by the stock market. The spending behavior of people is affected and sometimes discouraged by falling share prices and this has an impact on the GDP since reduced aggregate demand may lead to anoveral decline of the GDP. The GDP can be boosted when new projects have emerged, companies are allowed to make borrowings at cheaper rates which allows for the expansion of their operations due to activities carried out in the stock markets. Shares price fluctuations can be discouraging factor in the growth of the economy through the fall of their prices together with other factors as it negatively affects the GDP. The price market as well tries to outshine the rest of other factors that lead to the growth of economy (Binswanger, 2004). For instance, when there is high intensity of recession prices of the shares in the stock market may rise and in the process, the investors work hard towards recovery in the future (Stock Watson, 2001). This confidence built in the investors and other shareholders may have positive effect on the growth of the economy from the stock markets. The case has been documented both in high income countries and the low income countries. Additionally, firms ability to invest in the economy can be hampered by the falling of the share prices in the stock market. Firms get affected by this since they will not be able to release their shares into the market because the prices are lower, and this may affect their borrowing ability and sourcing of more money towards their management of activities (Gwartney et al, 1999). This will therefore hinder the amount of cash that is channeled into the economy thus affecting the growth of the economy. However, the continuous falling of the share prices in the stock market makes it difficult for the firms which depend on the shares to cope up in the industry which will ultimately affect the economy either directly or indirectly (Stock Watson, 2001). These are some of the facts among which when considered, may lead someone to perceive that indeed there is a close relationship between stock market and the growth of the economy. Though the type of relationship that exist cannot be relie d on in most of the case in measuring the extent or rate at which economy has grown. Other investments become more attractive when the stock market prices fall. In reference to this, bond market becomes an alternative to mesmerize firms in the market as people will be tending to shift from stock market into the government bonds. In the cases where uncertainties are experienced, investments offer better returns (Binswanger, 2001). The government bonds may be one of the major factors that lead to the fall of the stock market prices. The shift might be reducing some of the sources of business investments and ones this is done, it will have effect on the job opportunities thus resulting to retarded growth of the economy. These discussed factors show direct link between stock market and growth of economy across the countries in the globe. Theoretical literature People living in various countries, stock market does lead to drop of wealth for those people who have shares. Their financial outlook have been affected when the fall prove significant. The fall in the wealth of these people will as well lead to the drop in the economic development since it affects their spending rates as consumers (Greenwood Jovanovic, 1999). Mostly they tend to reduce their spending rates which have effect of reducing the amount of money pumped into the economy for its development (Beck et al, 2014). Although the shareholders tend to be prepared to lose money and they also tend to keep their spending patterns independent of the share prices. The prices of stocks in the market also play important role in the economy in different channels. Higher distribution of prices of shares result to extra stimulation for households and the firms that own them either directly or indirectly through positive wealth effect and pension funds. Moreover, the state of economy has been in some instances measured though stock market where the confidence channels is the way through which the prices affect real economy (Claessens Perotti, 2007). Uncertainty that may arise in the foreseen economic situation can be reduced by the stock price increase through boosting the confidence of households and firms. Higher prices of stocks benefit investment since cost of equity capital is lower (Neusser Kugler,1998). Growth of the economy can be enhanced more cheaply by firms with stock exchange through giving out new shares. Tobins Q ratio is increased through high stock prices. This ratio encourages investment of the firms in capital and the stock mark et as well has effect on profits channeled to the firms. Internal finance in the economy are sourced from the profits obtained as a result of higher stock prices which are in turn invested towards growing the economy of the country. These internal finances are important for they help when the external finances are not available which ensures the steady flow of finances in the economy since there is alternative source of finance (Jeanneney Kpodar, 2011). Empirical literature Determining the relationship that exists between the stock market and the growth of economy has been tried to explain by several empirical literature. Despite all the efforts and intensive research carried out, no convincing conclusion has been attained so far by the literatures. In response to that, some developed literatures come up and conclude in the favor of positive relationship between stock prices and the economic growth. In contrary to that conclusion made by other literatures, others argue that the relationship that could be thought to be existing between them has broken down. Non-fundamental factors can result to the rise of the stock prices beyond their intrinsic values. The empirical relationship between stock prices and output can be determined from carrying out the log-linear asset pricing framework (Campbell, 1998). In his empirical work, he regressed log-price dividend ratio against output growth. His proposed results were found significant in statistically insignificant in countries like Germany, Japan, France, the UK and the US. He raised the claim of negligible difference between the predictive content and the output. Various conclusions are made better still by the researchers over the same. According to Binswanger (2004), he ran OLS method and used industrial production growth rates on the dependent variable part while on the same he used lagged real stock returns on the side of explanatory variables for G7 countries dataset. In response to the test he conducted, all the G7 countries showed statistical significance between the variables that were tested but the case was not with France and Italy which are also among the G7 countries. As well, focusing regression was used by (Stock Watson, 2001), in their test they used real GDP and lagged explanatory variables which theoretically, they proved being relevant predictors for most of the industrialized economies in the G7 countries. In their results, they found infinitesimal marginal predictive content for the output at different quarters horizon. The prices of stock market have been volatile for used as predictors across countries in the globe. This empirical literature did not also come up with a clear and distinct relationship that exist between the stock markets and the growth of the economy in all the countries among the high level income countries and the low level income countries. According to Schwert (1989), the relationship between the economic activities and the stock prices can be determined through the examination of the volatility of both the economic activity and the volatility of stock prices. In his research, he came up with evidence that the health of the economy was greatly affecting the volatility of the stock market. He employed the model that made use of the monthly data which showed the increase of the average volatility by a significance of about 189 percent in the recession times. Despite all the above discussed empirical literature and the tests carried out on the relationship that could exist between the stock market and the growth of economy, the whole matter still remains inconclusive. Description of the data Data that were used in this study were secondary data that were collected for the market research database for stock market i.e. DataStream. All the aspects were followed for the organization and the entire process of data preparation. Quantitative data were obtained for analysis and comparative approach was incorporated in the data collection from the various data archive for the stock markets. Data that was collected covered the low income level countries to help in the investigation of the effects of the stock market on economic development. The sample of data was obtained from 30 low income group countries and 30 middle and high income group countries. This will help in comparing the effect of stock market in both groups of countries in order to come up with the conclusion about whether or not there is an effect imposed in the economic growth. In order to consider the stock market development, monthly shares data was collected in various markets since 1970 to 2010 from the selected low income group countries and selected middle/high income group countries i.e. Shanghai stock exchange market. These data were taken to represent the whole list of any type of stock markets. High frequency of stock market is observed through stock market capitalization and the growth of the economy is determined by the GDP whose frequency of observation is low i.e. quarterly. Changing the frequency at which the stock market is observed and making it to lower capitalization frequency, biasness will arise and some errors will be detected as this will be as a result of lost information. For farther realization of the effect of stock market in the economic growth, since we have realized that it is affected by the frequency of the observation of the GDP, more observable frequent variable is considered for growth of the economy. According to (Gwatney et al, 1999), they suggested that this was the activity widely practiced in the analysis of the economy. The alternative proxy observed in place of the GDP due to its frequency of observation is index of industrial production. Being that shanghai is in china, this therefore gives an opportunity for Chinas IP to be collected. The period of collection of IP is matched with that of the stock market data and therefore used to determine the economic growth as intended by the study. Methodology As noted by (Gwatney et al, 1999), the breaks within the time at which data is generated tends to be stationary, type 2 error is more likely to be committed by the Dickey-Fuller test (ADF) test in reference to the trend stationary process compared with another of the non-stationary that goes per random walk. Structural breaks will lead to a huge drop of ADF test; this makes the breaks to be ignored while the unit roots are being tested. Using ADF test is accompanied with a problem of deriving the critical value by using the null hypothesis without considering the structural breaks that may in turn distort the being of unit roots. The use of ADF unit root methodology increases the chances of type 1 error which can be mistaken in the time series data when structural breaks are available in the stationary series. In order to reveal the extent to which stock market result to economic growth, surveys will be carried on the trends of economic growth treating stock market as independent var iable. Cross sectional study will be found essential in this study as it will help in determining the relationship between economic growth of the low income groups and high income group countries. Collection of data was guided through the use of questionnaires in support of collecting relevant data that will be used in drawing appropriate and suitable conclusion as per the research questions. Economics resources database and other data sources will be deemed important in the study for as much as the collected data are appropriate. Simple random sampling method was also employed in order to provide for fair and equal chances for the collection of data from various databases. The trend line on the graph shows that there is positive correlation between the tested variables and that the variables are correlated. The direction of trend line is towards the right up from the left. The strength of the correlation is weak but it exists and therefore we can say that stock market has effect on the growth of economic development. Correlations fdi_gdp wdi_gdppcgr Spearman's rho fdi_gdp Correlation Coefficient 1.000 .281** Sig. (2-tailed) . .000 N 186 185 wdi_gdppcgr Correlation Coefficient .281** 1.000 Sig. (2-tailed) .000 . N 185 193 **. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed). Considering the Pearsons correlation coefficient which in this case from the table it is marked by 0.281 for both variables above and below, being that this value is not too close to zero and it is a positive value, we can therefore conclude that the two variables showing the economic growth of the low income countries are positively correlated but the relationship is weak since the value is not 1 or too close to 1. From the statistical results observed in the table and scatter plot, it is crystal clear and it can therefore be concluded that indeed, the stock markets have effect on the economic development or it leads to the growth of the economic development. This is as a result that from the correlation test, the result turns positive though not strong and also the significance test shows that there is statistical significance between the tested variables since the significance value i.e. 0.000 is less than 0.05. Conclusion Even though from the theoretical and the empirical analysis of the impact of stock market to the growth of economy is not brought out clearly, also, though there is a feeling that when the stock market grows, it leads to simultaneous growth of the economy. Economists are still in doubt of the real impact caused by the stock market to the growth of economy. But from the statistical testing conducted using the two tested variables in this study show that there is correlation between the stock market and growth of the economy. This has further has been confirmed with the fact that Pearsons coefficient correlation is positive and the statistical significance too ascertains that by driving us into concluding that there is statistically significance between the stock market and economic growth. Reference Beck, R., Georgiadis, G., Straub, R. (2014). The finance and growth nexus revisited.Economics Letters,124(3), 382-385. Binswanger, M. (2004) Stock Returns and Real Activity in the G7 Countries: Did the Relationship Change in the Early 1980s, The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Vol. 44(2): 237-252. Campbell, J. Y. (1998) Asset Prices, Consumption, and the Business Cycle, NBER Working Paper: No.6485. Claessens, S., Perotti, E. (2007). Finance and inequality: Channels and evidence.Journal of Comparative Economics,35(4), 748-773. Gwartney, J. D., Lawson, R. A., Holcombe, R. G. (1999). Economic freedom and the environment for economic growth.Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics (JITE)/Zeitschrift fr die gesamte Staatswissenschaft, 643-663. Greenwood, J., Jovanovic, B. (1999).The IT revolution and the stock market(No. w6931). National bureau of economic research. Greenwood, J., Jovanovic, B. (1990). Financial development, growth, and the distribution of income.Journal of political Economy,98(5, Part 1), 1076-1107. Jeanneney, S. G., Kpodar, K. (2011). Financial development and poverty reduction: Can there be a benefit without a cost?.The Journal of development studies,47(1), 143-163. Neusser, K., Kugler, M. (1998). Manufacturing growth and financial development: evidence from OECD countries.Review of economics and statistics,80(4), 638-646. Schwert, G. (1989) Why Does Stock Market Volatility Change over Time? The Journal of Finance, Vol. 44(5): 1115-1153. Stock, J. and WATSON, M. (2001) Forecasting Output and Inflation: The Role of Asset Prices, NBER Working Paper: No. 8180.

The Audacity of Hope Review Essay Example

The Audacity of Hope Review Paper Essay on The Audacity of Hope Book of the current US president has read recently, so the memories and impressions are still fresh. In general, when you read a book of any policy, especially such a level as the Obama one can not help thinking that myself some idea of ​​the book may belong to the author on the cover, but wrote him dry speechwriters. On the cover is an excerpt from the newspaper New York Times Barack Obama is one of those rare politicians who really have the ability to write exciting and sincere I do not know I Tolley, referring to the book casually and superficially (the question himself: but as it was still possible to take this book?), felts are they over the hill yearning for good literature and do not read the signs except stores and price tags in them. The book is written a bit corny language, and looks more like a record of thoughts every day, the arguments relating to American ideals such as family, religion, constitution, etc.. Although Obama himself says that the property is almost not included, but hes still confident that came the instant (that is, Obama President) wh en you need to dare and hope (yes by the way the only thing that remains to do ) on the revival of the US in many areas of life and politics. Almost all the book Barack Hussein says and thinks only of the United States and only at the end of the book seemed almost forgotten, he writes about other countries and foreign policy of America ​​in the chapter entitled The external world is the United States abroad, the way the competition! Find the book at least one mention of Russia in a good and positive light. Are we so poor? BUT? I ask you, fellow-citizens gentlemen. Having summarized the impression of the text, I can definitely say The election campaign, the program just in case if they choose (chose, of course, wherever they go!) We will write a custom essay sample on The Audacity of Hope Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Audacity of Hope Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Audacity of Hope Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer But there is in the book and the good moments.. So as we go along the red line passes the life of Obamas birthplace as he lived, he met his wife, a little about the children, about their association with the bison of the Senate and really not an easy burden of accumulated problems, America, that I can believe. PS In the future world, which idealize Obama, for some reason I want to be Holden Caulfield (Selinger hello!)

Qué es un hold de inmigración, efectos y qué hacer

Quà © es un hold de inmigracià ³n, efectos y quà © hacer Un hold de inmigracià ³n es una peticià ³n que una autoridad migratoria le hace a una prisià ³n o crcel para que el dà ­a de puesta en libertad de una persona, esta sea retenida por un plazo de 48 horas y se entregue en custodia a ICE (siglas en inglà ©s de la agencia encargada del cumplimiento de las leyes de inmigracià ³n y ciudadanà ­a). El hold de inmigracià ³n, que tambià ©n se conoce por su nombre en inglà ©s de detainer, puede provocar la deportacià ³n inmediata de un inmigrante o el inicio de un procedimiento de remocià ³n en su contra. Por ello es importante conocer cundo tiene lugar el hold de inmigracià ³n, a cules inmigrantes puede afectar, cules son sus consecuencias y quà © hacer una vez que se da el detainer. Cà ³mo sabe ICE que un inmigrante est detenido o arrestado para pedir el hold En la mayorà ­a de los casos, ICE obtiene la informacià ³n en aplicacià ³n del programa Comunidades Seguras. En virtud del mismo, las autoridades policiales estatales, locales y de condados envà ­an a ICE las huellas dactilares de las personas arrestadas y detenidas por cualquier razà ³n. Las ms comunes son las que se producen en situaciones cotidianas como peleas, violencia domà ©stica, manejar sin licencia, etc. Con esa informacià ³n, ICE consulta la base de datos IDENT del Departamento de Seguridad Interna (DHS, por sus siglas en inglà ©s) donde se guarda toda la informacià ³n biomà ©trica de los extranjeros legalmente en el paà ­s. Tambià ©n consulta la base de datos del FBI sobre antecedentes criminales. Segà ºn los resultados que obtenga decide si coloca un hold de inmigracià ³n. Otra forma en la que ICE tiene conocimiento de la situacià ³n migratoria de un detenido es a travà ©s de visitas que sus agentes realizan a crceles y prisiones, asà ­ como entrevistas que llevan a cabo con los detenidos. Finalmente, en una minorà ­a de casos puede darse que en vez de ICE sea la CBP (Policà ­a de Control de Fronteras, por sus siglas en inglà ©s) la que tenga conocimiento de un arresto o detencià ³n y ordene el detainer. En este punto hay que destacar que un nà ºmero relativamente elevado de ciudades y condados se niegan a colaborar en algà ºn grado con ICE, por ejemplo no permitiendo acceso a los detenidos en sus crceles, excepto con una orden judicial, o no compartiendo las huellas digitales de los arrestados. Esto es lo que se conoce popularmente con el nombre de ciudades santuario. El caso ms significativo es el de California, el estado con  mayor nà ºmero de inmigrantes. La ley SB54, con fecha de entrada en vigor de 1 de enero de 2018, prohibe expresamente el uso de recursos pà ºblicos estatales o locales para colaborar con acciones de ICE conducentes a la deportacià ³n de inmigrantes y tambià ©n el ingreso a prisià ³n para entrevistar a detenidos, excepto en los casos de orden judicial. Cules inmigrantes pueden ser sujetos deun hold de ICE En realidad, el detainer puede referirse a cualquier inmigrante quien se cree que debe ser deportado. Sin embargo, en la prctica los hold de inmigracià ³n recaen sobre los inmigrantes que se encuentran en tres categorà ­as. En primer lugar, los inmigrantes indocumentados. Pueden estar en esta situacià ³n porque ingresaron a los Estados Unidos ilegalmente por la frontera o porque entraron legalmente pero no salieron a tiempo, producià ©ndose lo que popularmente se conoce como un overstay. En segundo lugar, los inmigrantes sobre quienes haya  una orden de deportacià ³n pendiente, incluso aquellos cuya orden de remocià ³n se dictà ³ en ausencia porque no se presentaron en Corte  y tambià ©n los inmigrantes que han sido previamente deportados y han regresado al paà ­s ilegalmente.   En tercer lugar, los inmigrantes que han cometido una felonà ­a. En este grupo tambià ©n se pueden encontrar los residentes permanentes legales cuando han sido condenados por ciertas ofensas, como por ejemplo, los delitos calificados como agravados. Quà © sucede cuando se coloca un hold de inmigracià ³n Si la autoridad local, estatal o del condado cumple con el hold del ICE, lo primero que ocurre es que el inmigrante va a ser transferido a una prisià ³n migratoria, que puede ser pà ºblica o privada. En muchos casos incluso va a estar en otro estado, siendo frecuente el envà ­o a un centro de detencià ³n en el  estado de Texas. Tambià ©n es posible que el inmigrante en custodia del ICE cambie con frecuencia de centro de detencià ³n, lo que dificulta a los familiares y amigos encontrar rpido al inmigrante y podrà ­an pasar dà ­as sin tener informacià ³n. A continuacià ³n se pueden dar tres diferentes situaciones segà ºn la situacià ³n migratoria del detenido. En primer lugar estn los inmigrantes que son deportados  automticamente sin  presentarse ante un juez de inmigracià ³n. En esta situacià ³n se encuentran varias categorà ­as de inmigrantes, por ejemplo las personas que se fueron de Estados Unidos en medio de un procedimiento de deportacià ³n sin esperar al resultado final. Tambià ©n son deportados automticamente los migrantes con una orden de deportacià ³n reinstaurada, lo que sucede cuando ingresan a los Estados Unidos ilegalmente despuà ©s de haber sido deportados o expulsados automticamente. En algunos casos se puede luchar contra esta reinstauracià ³n si se puede alegar miedo creà ­ble como base de una aplicacià ³n de asilo,  se est en un procedimiento de ajuste de estatus, o se puede pedir proteccià ³n bajo NACARA o Life Act en el caso de ser ciudadano de Cuba, Nicaragua, El Salvador o Guatemala. Hay que destacar que los migrantes que ingresan a Estados Unidos ilegalmente despuà ©s de una remocià ³n cometen un delito y pueden, adems, ser multados o condenados a dos aà ±os de prisià ³n o ambas condenas conjuntamente. Adems, si previamente han cometido un delito no agravado o tres faltas relacionadas con drogas, la condena de crcel puede elevarse a un mximo de 10 aà ±os. Si el migrante ha cometido previamente un delito agravado, la pena de prisià ³n puede alcanzar los 20 aà ±os. Finalmente, tambià ©n son deportados sin pasar por un juez migratorio, salvo circunstancias muy excepcionales, los extranjeros que ingresaron a Estados Unidos legalmente pero sin visa al amparo del Programa de Exencià ³n de Visados y que se quedaron ms de 90 dà ­as en el paà ­s. Otra situacià ³n distinta que puede darse es la firma por parte del inmigrante de una salida voluntaria. Hay que destacar que no se debe jams firmar un documento que no se entiende o con el que no se est de acuerdo. Si el documento se firma,  el inmigrante ser removido a su paà ­s sin ms trmites. Por à ºltimo est la situacià ³n de los migrantes que pueden acudir a un juez de inmigracià ³n y pedir alguno de los alivios que prevà © la ley para evitar su remocià ³n de los Estados Unidos. Por ejemplo, solicitar un ajuste de estatus, asilo,  aplazamiento  de la deportacià ³n, etc. En estos casos a veces es posible solicitar quedar libre bajo palabra mientras no se celebra la vista o previo depà ³sito de una fianza migratoria. El juez puede acceder si considera que el migrante no representa riesgo de no comparecer a la vista de deportacià ³n y si no est en la lista de ofensas que impiden quedar en libertad con fianza. Entre esas à ºltimas situaciones estn, entre otras, los delitos relacionados con drogas, excepto posesià ³n de menos de 30 gramos de marihuana, delitos de armas, dos delitos inmorales o uno si lleva pena de prisià ³n superior a un aà ±o, todos los delitos agravados y ofensas que pueden ser consideradas una amenaza a la seguridad del paà ­s, como por ejemplo la pertenencia a pandillas. Una vez que se celebre la vista, lo cual puede demorarse aà ±os, se dictar sentencia, la cual puede ser apelada ante el BIA  (Tribunal de Apelaciones de Inmigracià ³n, por sus siglas en inglà ©s). Quà © se puede hacer en los casos de un hold de inmigracià ³n El mejor consejo es buscar asesorà ­a  legal de confianza para que ayude en trmites como bà ºsqueda del detenido, solicitud de fianza o peticià ³n de rebaja de la cantidad fijada y, muy especialmente, estudio y diseà ±o de una estrategia para luchar con à ©xito en un caso de deportacià ³n. Si no se puede pagar un abogado miembro de AILA, la asociacià ³n de letrados migratorios de Estados Unidos, se puede considerar intentar contactar a un abogado pro bono a travà ©s de alguna organizacià ³n reputada de ayuda a inmigrantes. Por à ºltimo, los ciudadanos mexicanos pueden encontrar ayuda gratuita en el telà ©fono de CIAM, organizacià ³n que ayuda a encontrar detenidos y da referencias de abogados comprometidos y competentes cercanos a los centros de detencià ³n de migrantes. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

Quand on Parle du Loup French Proverb Meaning

Quand on Parle du Loup French Proverb Meaning Expression: Quand on parle du loup (on en voit la queue) Pronunciation: [ka(n) to(n) parl du loo] Meaning: Speak of the devil (and he appears) Literal translation: When you talk about the wolf (you see its tail) Register: normal Notes The French proverb quand on parle du loup is used just like the English speak of the devil, when you are talking about someone who arrives right then or shortly after. Its interesting that in both expressions, the talked-about person is referred to as mean or evil- the devil is worse than a wolf, of course, but the latter is still considered a savage animal. Its also intriguing that in English, the devil appears completely, so to speak, while in French you only see the loups tail. Somehow the latter seems more ominous as if its sneaking up on you. Example Je pense que Benoà ®t est un vrai... tiens, Benoà ®t  ! Quand on parle du loup  ! I think Benoà ®t is a real... hey, Benoà ®t! Speak of the devil!

Forensic Medicine Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Forensic Medicine - Essay Example It entails relation with the observations and the doctors are the primary witnesses and they are required to give their opinions based on truth and without any bias towards the side they are representing. Medical confidentiality can raise conflicts between law and medicine (Forensic-Medecine.info, n.d.). Forensic medicine is an important area of forensic science and it involves the application of medical knowledge to civil and criminal law. The areas of medicine that are used in forensic medicine are pathology, psychiatry, and anatomy. Forensic medicine is involved in cases such as those concerning mental illness, blood relationship, death resulting from violence, and injury. Autopsy is basically used in the determination of the cause of death (such as poison or gunshot wound) specifically in situations where it is suspected there was foul play. Post-mortem examination can also provide important information such as the length of time a person has been dead (the information can assist in tracing the killing) (Forensic-Medecine.info, n.d.). Every minute a number of people are either injured in a crime or are killed under unknown circumstances. The determination of the cause of the injury or death is sometimes very difficult especially when a foul play is suspected to have happened. Forensic medicine has come in handy to assist in the investigation of the type of crime and manner used in inflicting injury and the cause of death. Forensic medicine is an exhilarating subject since it offers the investigator in this case a forensic pathologist to explore the mechanisms and manner of death of the victim in question. It has also assisted in solving rape cases and a number of court cases that involved the death of the victim in question. In simple times, forensic medicine can be equated to the application of medicine in the legal field. The relationship between law and medicine started in the early periods and the bonds which united

5 Page Personal Administrative Project to be done in APA format Essay

5 Page Personal Administrative Project to be done in APA format - Essay Example cy of a university handles the administration of the university and is not that hands on regarding academic matters, the Academic Dean is directly involved in the decision-making and the management of the specific college he or she is assigned to. â€Å"Drawn from the senior faculty ranks, academic deans are seen by many as serving a dual role, that of scholar and administrator† (DiFronzo, 2002). In this sense, the Academic Dean is the symbol of true academic leadership and responsibility. Hence, the Academic Dean is one of the most sought after positions in the university. However true this is, the fact still remains that the Academic Deanship is a position that is riddled with challenges and difficulties as higher education continues to evolve and universities try to keep up with the changing times. On top of this, the Academic Dean is also expected to possess personality traits that are deemed to be necessary in becoming a good and effective academic leader that everyone will respect, â€Å"ranging from a sense of humor to stamina and good listening skills† (Ferren and Stanton, 2004, pp. 1-2). This underlines the importance of the Academic Deanship in the ever-changing world of higher education (DiFronzo, 2002). For this reason, the role of the Academic Dean must be clearly defined through the establishment of the dean’s key responsibilities; for only in knowing completely what the Academic Deanship entails can one become an effective academic leader. The responsibilities of an academic dean are many and complex, with each set varying with every university. In fact, Dean Herbert Hawkes of Columbia College has been quoted in saying that â€Å"there is no such thing as a standardized dean. There is a dean of this and that college, but I have never seen any two deans who could exchange places and retain the same duties† (Gould, 1964, p. 9 as cited in DiFronzo, 2002). This must be remembered in laying down the key responsibilities of the Academic Dean as one duty

Describing the Social and Cultural Dimensions in My Organization Essay Example for Free

Describing the Social and Cultural Dimensions in My Organization Essay Social and cultural theories strive to explain how people relate to each other and/or the surrounding environment. Organizational culture represents a common perception held by the organization’s member. This was made explicit when we defined culture as a system of shared meaning. Therefore, those individuals with different backgrounds or at different levels in the organization will tend to describe the organization’s culture in similar terms. Most large organizations have a dominant culture and numerous sets of subcultures. A dominant culture expresses the core values that are shared by a majority of the organization’s members. When we talk about an organization’s culture, we are referring to its dominant culture. It is this macro view of culture that gives an organization its distinct personality. Subcultures tend to develop in large organizations to reflect common problems, situations, or experiences that members face. These subcultures are likely to be defined by department designations and geographical separation. The purchasing department, for example, can have a subculture that is uniquely shared by members of that department. It will include the core values of the dominant culture plus additional values unique to members of the purchasing department. Similarly, an office or unit of the organization that is physically separated from the organization’s main operations may take on a different personality. Again, the core values are essentially retained but modified to reflect the separated unit’s distinct situation. If organizations had no dominant culture and were composed only of numerous subcultures, the value of organizational culture as an independent variable would be significantly lessened because there would be no uniformity in the interpretation of the values that represented appropriate and inappropriate behavior. It is the â€Å"shared meaning† aspect of culture that makes it such a potent device for guiding and shaping values in the cultural behavior. But it is not to be ignored that the reality which many organizations contained also has subcultures that can influence the behavior of their members. The field of sociology focuses on cultures that are ethnically or geographically defined. However, the study of any culture is referred to as â€Å"a group of people who work (or play) together and journey towards a shared meaning and assumption†(Griswold, p.133). Griswold (1994) also shared that â€Å"culture† is one of those words that people use all the time but have trouble defining. Peterson (1979) states that when sociologists talk about culture, they usually mean one of four things: norms, values, beliefs, or expressive symbols. Norms are the way people behave in a given society; values are what people hold dear; beliefs are how people think the universe operates and expressive symbols are representations of the culture. Moreover, Lincoln and Kalleberg (1990) hold that â€Å"the quality of relationships between workers and their co-workers is positively associated with commitment and satisfaction.† If the people within a school do not connect and work together toward a common goal or passion, the culture is said to be stagnant or unproductive. Lincoln and Kalleberg provide three models of organizations. The consensus model holds shared goals and values within an organization that are the norm and dissidence is a problem requiring correction. The cleavage model has distinct groups within an organization that have different interests, especially fault lines that exist between job levels. The fragmentation model shows that are riddled with ambiguity where people hold multiple perspectives. It is plausible that most working environment can fall under all three models or have factions of each model within one department. I am now attached with SMK (P) Methodist, Pulau Pinang as an operational clerk. My services here include the basic operation of the school administration and also involved accounting for the staff and stock inventories in the school. I am under the Ministry of Education and the Jabatan Pelajaran Pulau Pinang. My school consists of 42 academic staff, 8 non-academic staff and 640 students. We have a unique ethnic diversity whereby most of the teachers are Chinese, four Indians and ten Malays. The students are also diversified into the three main ethnicity in Malaysia with minimal number of mixed ethnic students. My Principal is a Chinese lady. Her name is Wong Soon Kee. She is a very fierce and strict head of department. I do not have a very close rapport with her. She does not have very much concern for the teachers as well. It has been a very stressful environment for me and most of the staff here. But, the teachers have been very helpful and understanding to me. They are very friendly and accommodative towards me. At the office, there is a typist and a general worker to assist with my work here. This really helps ease my work and release my pressure of working here. My works is about service conformation of the teachers and support workers, prepare salary and pension worksheets and do the necessaries if there is any changes. My work also involved accounting such as preparing the accounts, paying bills, and bookkeeping. Every month, I have to settle the bill and make orders for items needed by the school. Any bills that I received will have to be settled in 2 weeks time which is a very short dateline for me. However, it is the ethics of the Jabatan Pelajaran Pulau Pinang. We have to abide by the rules set by the upper hands. If I have any meeting by the JPN, I will meet up with my friends from other schools. During this time, we will exchange our experiences about work and how to handle certain situations that arise. It is very useful and helped me a lot to improve my performance to do better than before. Every year, auditors from Jabatan Audit Sekolah will come to school to do auditing on the school accounts. They will take a week to check the accounts and identify whether all the transactions are according to the rules or not. Nevertheless, there will never be a session where they had never found any errors. If we had done a lot of errors, our school will be categorized under â€Å"Audit Bersyarat† and the JPN will send us for a course on how to improve our accounting skills to upgrade our performance. With the teachers’ high spirit and determination to guide the students, the PMR (Penilaian Menengah Rendah/Lower Secondary Assessment) and the SPM (Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia/Malaysian Certificate of Education) results are very encouraging. Most of the students show fortitude and willpower be it in their academic or co-curricular activities. All these achievements had helped them to be successful and quite a number of them had furthered their studies abroad. As a conclusion, a social and cultural dimension in an organization is important. It is because, it portrays the relationship between employees in completing their daily tasks and ensuring that the tasks are done well with high quality. Culture Beginnings and the Impact of Founders as Leaders spring from three sources: 1. beliefs, values, and assumptions of founders

The Role of Nature in the poetry of William Wordsworth Essay -- Litera

In William Wordsworth’s poems, the role of nature plays a more reassuring and pivotal r ole within them. To Wordsworth’s poetry, interacting with nature represents the forces of the natural world. Throughout the three poems, Resolution and Independence, Tintern Abbey, and Michael, which will be discussed in this essay, nature is seen prominently as an everlasting- individual figure, which gives his audience as well as Wordsworth, himself, a sense of console. In all three poems, Wordsworth views nature and human beings as complementary elements of a sum of a whole, recognizing that humans are a sum of nature. Therefore, looking at the world as a soothing being of which he is a part of, Wordsworth looks at nature and sees the benevolence of the divinity aspects behind them. For Wordsworth, the world itself, in all its glory, can be a place of suffering, which surely occurs within the world; Wordsworth is still comforted with the belief that all things happen by the hands of the divinity and the just and divine order of nature, itself. In William Wordsworth’s poem, Resolution and Independence, Wordsworth describes the moods of the poem through the description of nature. The first appearance of the speaker, himself, is shown in (line 15); where he classifies himself as a traveler who has been seduced, as he states, â€Å"The pleasant season did my heart employ† (line 19). We see the traveler as a bright and joyful person as Wordsworth’s characteristics of nature as a means of description continues throughout the poem. As the poem progresses, the speaker’s attitude changes in (line 26), where he tells us that his mood is lowered. It is here that the speaker presents himself as â€Å"a happy child of earth† in (line 31); as once again Wordsworth... .../ Of the unfinished sheepfold may be seen / Besides the boisterous brook of Greenhead Ghyll,† showing the growth of human beings in relative notion to nature. William Wordsworth has respect and has great admiration for nature. This is quite evident in all three of his poems; the Resolution and Independence, Tintern Abbey and Michael in that, his philosophy on the divinity, immortality and innocence of humans are elucidated in his connection with nature. For Wordsworth, himself, nature has a spirit, a soul of its own, and to know is to experience nature with all of your senses. In all three of his poems there are many references to seeing, hearing and feeling his surroundings. He speaks of hills, the woods, the rivers and streams, and the fields. Wordsworth comprehends, in each of us, that there is a natural resemblance to ourselves and the background of nature.

Interview with a human resource manager Essay

Many organizations build human resource management section separately so that an expert service is provided to the people and the human resource function performed efficiently. These organizations consider people as their most priceless assets and so they need managers in this section who are efficient, responsible and devoted to the rules and regulations of the respective organization. For this they need a capable person who can cover up the responsibilities excellently and help in further development of the organization. Different organizations have varied expectations from the candidate and the ecruitment is done according to the requirements of the company. It depends upon the size of the company, the physical nature of the products, the size of the staff members, its functions, aims and complexities that decide what exactly is expected from a human resource department. A human resource manager has to keep a balance between the employer and the employees. He has to act as an advocate for both, the organization and the people who work for it. Only one or two decades ago the human resource manager was associated with personnel and administrative division of the company and mostly confined to some aper work. They had to deal with hiring of the employees for different sections of the company, paying them and dealing mostly with their benefits. But today most of the organizations are customer centered and are becoming more adaptable to changes needed for successful marketing strategy. So the responsibilities of today’s human resource manager is to take care of customer satisfaction and make specific changes considering success in marketing along with taking care of the benefits of the employees, payroll and do some paper work as well. The HR manager has to be very attentive and cautious with ny and every change that is taking place in the marketing policy. With the globalization of small and big businesses, it seems that the development of an organization depends quite a lot on the human resource manager and so he is answerable to almost every aspect of marketing and customer satisfaction section. This includes a lot of work pressure, which burdens the professionals a lot. Almost every human resource manager is suffering form this problem and feels the pressure from various directions. They have to discuss the matters and the targets need to be achieved in imited time and above all be updated with the latest in marketing strategy. Those who are interested in regular competition and want to progress fast can try and make human resource manager a career but I feel that with so much of work pressure a man will have to sacrifice a lot in life just to satisfy his ego and earn success and new heights in monetary section. With flexible working hours the manager has to sacrifice various aspects of recreation and relaxation with family and friends. With stress and conflicts in the organization, the human resource manager needs to take care of it before it does any harm to the organization. He needs to be like a team leader and convince the employees with the views of the management and vice versa. Open communication and discussion helps a lot and the manager balances if there is any aggressive attitude in the employees. The only thing that I work out from the interview with a human resource manager is that the job satisfies people who are very ambitious and enthusiastic. It is not that the job or its responsibilities are not reachable. Some managers find it very challenging and like to work in a competitive environment so that the charm of life and work remains there for them.

Juvenile Delinquency related to drugs and alcohol Essay

To tackle this topical issue, it is fairly relevant to first of all define some key terminology employed in contextual jargon as regards the question at hand. At the fore, a juvenile can be said to be a minor of such age as may be stipulated by a particular state, usually below the age of sixteen (16) or seventeen (17) years, who may be in the frame of mind to willfully conceive criminal intent whilst perpetrating a crime, be it in the form of a robbery, murder or assorted other criminal acts. Along the same line, ‘juvenile crime’ denotes several offences committed by the said minors (less than 18 years), infamously referred to as juvenile delinquency, and may include acts which would be considered ‘crimes’ if committed by adults, and misbehavior like disobedience to parents and authorities or even instances of truancy. As may be warranted by prevailing circumstance, such youthful offenders may be put to trial as either full-blown adults or simply in a capacity as juveniles, as influenced by a variety of factors, inclusive of the severity of the crime in question. For the more weighty crimes, the juvenile offender may be tried in either a juvenile or adult court, then subsequently incarcerated among the adults or juveniles, as the presiding judge may deem fit. More serious criminal offences may even spell out prison sentences for the ‘minor’ (Stafford, 1991). However, the root causes of juvenile delinquency remain a baffling mystery, as clear-cut reasons are yet to be outlined for the same. However, it is clear that the major causes of delinquency are the use of alcohol and abuse of drugs and substances. Some theorists pen a myriad of intervention mechanisms to aid in arresting this situation before it grows into being the downfall of youths the world over. In this reaction paper, I endeavor to handle each of these issues, one at a time (Shaw, 1942).). Drug trafficking has become the major source of violence in the country with rival gangs engaging in extreme violence that sometimes leads to fatality. Drug abusers sometimes results to crime in order to acquire money to satisfy their addictions since drugs are expensive. Furthermore, drugs alienate one from reality and leads to aggressive behavior which results to violence or misdemeanor. A lot of attention has been given in this area and extensive findings exist. However, it is clear that there is room for more to be done since this existing literature has not resulted to a dramatic decrease from behavior that is considered wrong in society. Furthermore, there seems to be little or inadequate research on the effect of to younger siblings if their older counterparts are abusers of alcohol and drugs (Kuntsche et al, 2009). Causal Relationships Diverse theories have been put forth as relates to the chief reasons why there is the onset of juvenile tendencies in the first place, and why this eventually metamorphosis’s into criminality in the long run. Among those advanced include schools of thought which are modeled around historical and modern – day scenarios. These theoretical traditions range from deliberations on; Theories: –   Early theories – these peg the juvenile tendencies to the forces of nature, for example, spiritual beings and even demons. Key aspects in this arena include deliberations on naturalism (the science relating human affairs and eventual behavior to interactions with the forces of nature) and spiritualism, whereby deviance and criminal tendencies can be pegged to influences of nature, and the perpetrator’s inappropriate connection with supernatural powers that be. In this theory, offenses were considered to be against nature itself – The Classical theory, which goes on to rationalize personal choice, brings to focus the issue of humanitarianism. Theorists here are of the stance that proven perpetrators ought to be held personally accountable for their delinquent acts, and that punishment was best administered accordingly. This was based on the premises that humans are by nature reasonably rational, criminality being morally wrong and outlawed in society, and also that the civil society would play its role of disciplining wrong-doers as a form of deterrent mechanism, with such punishment being proportionate to the crime at hand (Loeber, 1989). – Biological theories, which detail the physiological developmental traits of juveniles, in relation to their physical development, mental (under) development, or even hereditary characteristics, and their eventual impact on human behavior. It holds that some people are naturally-inclined toward being deviant, and that it is woven-into their genes, with little or no chance of altering this state of being. The point of note here is that delinquency and its roots are traced to a person’s physical/ physiological predisposition, as opposed mainly to the question of free will. Chief among these are theories dealing with – hereditary issues (heredity), – evolution of man and his characteristics (atavism), as well as, – The development of certain bodily traits that are common amongst people already oriented toward behaving in a particular manner (somatotyping), to name but a few. – Psychological theories – these touch on psychopathic personalities, correlation between dysfunctional and/ or troubled childhoods and the prevalence of the juvenile mannerisms in individuals. These also ascribe deviant behavior to one’s surrounding environment, as may be influenced by chemical interplay in the brain, or an assorted number of reasons. Here, it is necessary to   point out that delinquents may not have a sense of right or wrong as they go about their deviant actions, and that not only can’t they control themselves, but also, their personalities border being christened ‘abnormal’, and the root of such can be re-traced back to their age as little children. These include; Psychopathology, which relates one’s lack of a viable conscience to deviant mannerisms and also, the dys-functioning of given personalities, conditioning, which details the response to stimulating factors prevalent in the environment, and Psychoanalysis, dealing with incomplete development of one’s personality. – Sociological theories – serve to link deviance to societal interactions and also the already existing caste structures, not to mention the inherent disparities in existence between the level of achieving goals and objectives and actually being in a position to go about the same. These include; – Differential Association theory, which deals with ways in which we as humans have the tendency of picking up all manner of behavior from those around us. It further posits that delinquency is an acquired behavior that is adopted from lifestyles of varying criminals. – The Structural/ Social Ecology theory, as pertains to structural conditions in a given area that may play a pivotal role in shaping the mental framework of individuals inhabiting that area. These include; overcrowding, unemployment, poor housing, poverty, sub-standard sanitation, and last but not least, illegitimate births. – Strain and anomie theory; anomie details the aspect of lack of norms in society, especially in instances where there may be experienced some upheavals like wars and the like. When this materializes, the traditional customs and regulations are no longer abided by. Conversely, Strain refers to a situation whereby there already exists a standard set of acceptable goals and means of achieving the same. The inherent problem however, is that not all members of society have the necessary resources to go about meeting this end, thus, a scenario of need is created with some members literally straining to make ends meet, as it were. Thus, lack of opportunity and inequality can be zoned off as the major bones of contention here. – Critical theory – has a lot to do with forces of subjugation in society, and also the capitalistic nature of shrewd individuals. Societal inequities play a major role in molding the character and adaptive mind-state of given persons, more so in the earlier years right after one begins the journey to discover him/ herself.   This is further broken down into; – Radical criminology; this has the general proposition that since the wealth and power in society have been inequitably distributed, then, those less economically – empowered will ultimately seek out alternative modes, mostly of criminal nature, so as to achieve whatever it is they are in (dire) need of. This situation is set to persist until control mechanisms are put in place by society to ensure that all and sundry are catered for as pertains to the same. – Conflict theory; the main assumption is that societal conflicts and tensions are part and parcel of society in general. There thus arises a distinctive classification of peoples, pitting the haves against the have-nots, with the latter being tagged in a relatively negative light. The theory posits that there subsequently arises the need for specialized institutions that can be employed to maintain a certain degree of law and order in society. Thus, in a nutshell, this theory serves to deliberate the economic tensions created, focus being placed on the political and economic systems in existence.

War of 1812 - Early Campaigns

War of 1812 - Early Campaigns Causes of the War of 1812 | War of 1812: 101 | 1813: Success on Lake Erie, Indecisiveness Elsewhere To Canada With the declaration of war in June 1812, planning began in Washington to strike north against British-held Canada. The prevailing thought in much of the United States was that the capture of Canada would be a simple and swift operation. This was supported by the fact the US possessed a population of around 7.5 million while Canadas numbered only 500,000. Of this smaller number, a large percentage was Americans who had moved north as well as the French population of Quebec. It was believed by the Madison Administration that many from these two groups would flock to the American flag once troops crossed the border. Indeed, former President Thomas Jefferson believed that securing Canada was a simple matter of marching. Despite these optimistic prognostications, the US military lacked the command structure to effectively execute an invasion. The small War Department, led by Secretary of War William Eustis, consisted of only eleven junior clerks. In addition, there was no clear scheme for how regular officers were to interact with their militia counterparts and whose rank took precedence. In determining a strategy for moving forward, most were in agreement that severing the St. Lawrence River would lead to the capitulation of Upper Canada (Ontario). The ideal method for achieving this was through the capture of Quebec. This idea was ultimately discarded as the city was heavily fortified and many remembered the failed campaign to take the city in 1775. In addition, any movement against Quebec would need to be launched from New England where support for the war was particularly weak. Instead, President James Madison elected to approve a plan put forward by Major General Henry Dearborn. This called for a three-prong attack north with one moving up the Lake Champlain corridor to take Montreal while another advanced into Upper Canada by crossing the Niagara River between Lakes Ontario and Erie. A third thrust was to come in the west where American troops would advance east into Upper Canada from Detroit. This plan had the added advantage of having two offensives depart from strong War Hawk territory which was expected to be a strong source of troops. The hope was to have all three attacks commence at the same time with the goal of stretching the small number of British troops stationed in Canada. This coordination failed to occur (Map). Disaster at Detroit The troops for the westernmost offensive were in motion prior to the declaration of war. Departing from Urbana, OH, Brigadier General William Hull moved north towards Detroit with around 2,000 men. Reaching the Maumee River, he encountered the schooner Cuyahoga. Embarking his sick and wounded, Hull dispatched the schooner across Lake Erie to Detroit. Against the wishes of his staff who feared the ships capture as it passed British Fort Malden, Hull had also placed the complete records of his army on board. By the time his force reached Detroit on July 5, he had learned that war had been declared. He also was informed that Cuyahoga had been captured. Hulls captured papers were forwarded to Major General Isaac Brock who was in command of British forces in Upper Canada. Undeterred, Hull crossed the Detroit River and issued a pompous declaration informing the people of Canada that they were free from British oppression. Pressing down the east bank, he reached Fort Malden, but despite having a large numerical advantage, did not assault it. Problems soon arose for Hull when the anticipated support from the Canadian people failed to materialize and 200 of his Ohio militia refused to cross the river into Canada stating they would only fight on American territory. Growing concerned about his extended supply lines back to Ohio, he dispatched a force under Major Thomas Van Horn to meet a wagon train near the River Raisin. Moving south, they were attacked and driven back to Detroit by Native American warriors directed by the feared Shawnee leader Tecumseh. Compounding these difficulties, Hull soon learned that Fort Mackinac had surrendered on July 17. The loss of the fort gave the British control of the upper Great Lakes. As a result, he ordered the immediate evacuation of Fort Dearborn on Lake Michigan. Departing on August 15, the retreating garrison was quickly attacked by Native Americans led by the Pota watomi chief Black Bird and took heavy losses. Believing his situation to be grave, Hull withdrew back across the Detroit River on August 8 amid rumors that Brock was advancing with a large force. The maneuver led to many of the militia leaders to ask for Hulls removal. Advancing to the Detroit River with 1,300 men (including 600 Native Americans), Brock utilized several ruses to convince Hull that his force was much larger. Holding his larger command at Fort Detroit, Hull remained inactive as Brock began a bombardment from the east bank of the river. On August 15, Brock called for Hull to surrender and implied that if the Americans declined and a battle resulted, he would not be able to control Tecumsehs men. Hull refused this demand but was shaken by the threat. The following day, after a shell hit the officers mess, Hull, without consulting his officers, surrendered Fort Detroit and 2,493 men without a fight. In one quick campaign, the British had effectively destroyed the American defenses in the Northwest. The only victory o ccurred when young Captain Zachary Taylor succeeded in holding Fort Harrison on the night of September 4/5. Causes of the War of 1812 | War of 1812: 101 | 1813: Success on Lake Erie, Indecisiveness Elsewhere Causes of the War of 1812 | War of 1812: 101 | 1813: Success on Lake Erie, Indecisiveness Elsewhere Twisting the Lions Tail When the war began in June 1812, the fledgling US Navy possessed fewer then twenty-five ships, the largest being frigates. Opposing this small force was the Royal Navy which consisted of over a thousand ships manned by over 151,000 men. Lacking the ships of the line required for fleet actions, the US Navy embarked on a campaign of guerre de course while engaging British warships when practical. To support the US Navy, hundreds of letters of marque were issued to American privateers with the goal of crippling British commerce. With news of the defeats on the frontier, the Madison Administration looked to the sea for positive results. The first of these occurred on August 19, when Captain Isaac Hull, nephew of the disgraced general, took USS Constitution (44 guns) into battle against HMS Guerriere (38). After a sharp fight, Hull proved victorious and Captain James Dacres was forced to surrender his ship. As the battle raged, several of Guerrieres cannonballs bounced off of Constitutions thick live oak planking giving the ship the nickname Old Ironsides. Returning to Boston, Hull was feted as a hero. This success was soon followed on October 25 when Captain Stephen Decatur and USS United States (44) captured HMS Macedonian (38). Returning to New York with his prize, Macedonian was bought into the US Navy and Decatur joined Hull as a national hero. Though the US Navy endured the loss of the sloop-of-war USS Wasp (18) in October when it was taken by HMS Poictiers (74) after successful a action against HMS Frolic (18), the year ended on a high note. With Hull on leave, USS Constitution sailed south under the command of Captain William Bainbridge. On December 29, he encountered HMS Java (38) off the Brazilian coast. Though he was carrying the new governor of India, Captain Henry Lambert moved to engage Constitution. As the fighting raged, Bainbridge dismasted his opponent and compelled Lambert to surrender. Though of little strategic importance, the three frigate victories boosted the confidence of the young US Navy and lifted the publics flagging spirits. Stunned by the defeats, the Royal Navy understood the American frigates to be bigger and stronger than their own. As a result, orders were issued that British frigates should seek to avoid single ship actions with their American counterparts. Efforts were also made to keep the e nemy ships in port by tightening the British blockade of the American coast. All Wrong Along the Niagara Onshore, the events in the field continued to go against the Americans. Assigned to command the attack on Montreal, Dearborn dallied most of the fall raising troops and failed to cross the border by years end. Along the Niagara, efforts moved forward, but slowly. Returning to Niagara from his success at Detroit, Brock found that his superior, Lieutenant General Sir George Prevost had ordered British forces to adopt a defensive posture in the hopes that the conflict could be settled diplomatically. As a result, an armistice was in place along the Niagara which allowed American Major General Stephen van Rensselaer to receive reinforcements. A major general in the New York militia, van Rensselaer was a popular Federalist politician who had been appointed to command the American army for politic purposes. As such, several regular officers, such as Brigadier General Alexander Smyth, commanding at Buffalo, had issues with taking orders from him. With the end of the armistice on September 8, Van Rensselaer began making plans to cross the Niagara River from his base at Lewiston, NY to capture the village of Queenston and the nearby heights. To support this effort, Smyth was ordered to cross and attack Fort George. After receiving only silence from Smyth, van Rensselaer sent additional orders demanding that he bring his men to Lewiston for a combined assault on October 11. Though van Rensselaer was ready to strike, severe weather led to the effort being postponed and Smyth returned to Buffalo with his men after being delayed en route. Having spotted this failed attempt and received reports that the Americans might attack, Brock issued orders for the local militias to begin forming. Outnumbered, the British commanders forces were also scattered along length of the Niagara frontier. With the weather clearing, van Rensselaer elected to make a second attempt on October 13. Efforts to add Smyths 1,700 men failed when he informed van Rensselaer that he could not arrive until the 14th. Crossing the river on October 13, the lead elements of van Rensselaers army achieved some success during the early parts of the Battle of Queenston Heights. Reaching the battlefield, Brock led a counterattack against the American lines and was killed. With additional British forces moving to the scene, van Rensselaer attempted to send reinforcements, but many of his militia refused to cross the river. As a result, American forces on Queenston Heights, led by Lieutenant Colonel Winfield Scott and militia Brigadier General William Wadsworth were overwhelmed and captured. Having lost over a 1,000 men in the defeat, van Rensselaer resigned and was replaced by Smyth. With the conclusion of 1812, American efforts to invade Canada had failed on all fronts. The people of Canada, who leaders in Washington had believed would rise up against the British, had instead proved themselves to be stalwart defenders of their land and the Crown. Rather than a simple march to Canada and victory, the first six months of war saw the Northwest frontier in danger of collapse and stalemate elsewhere. It was to be a long winter on the southern side of the border. Causes of the War of 1812 | War of 1812: 101 | 1813: Success on Lake Erie, Indecisiveness Elsewhere

An Examination Of The Financial Challenges Faced By Students At The Ivy League School

An Examination Of The Financial Challenges Faced By Students At The Ivy League School Over thirty thousand people applied to Brown university this year, and only about twenty-six hundred made it in. Thats about an eight percent acceptance rate for all the poor saps who applied to that ivy league school. But they why do they need that schools name on their diploma so badly? These people are just out of school and shooting for the stars with their big dreams, but maybe a local university or even a technical college is more the speed some of these people need. Ivy League schools are ranked better, but are not better than other schools because: they are not financially accommodating, they are very stressful, and under the rug embarrassing. Financially, Ivy League schools may not be the best for someone who doesn’t come from money. Two thirds of the people accepted into ivy league schools this year of 2015 applied for financial aid. that does not mean they all acquired it, or even a reasonable amount that they may need, but they took the extra effort because they dont believe they can take on the financial burden. all of the applications for scholarships and grants that they applied for cannot cover their costs of living. Next year, tuition will rise an average of 3.76 percent at the Ivies—pushing the cost of attendance as high as $63,000 (Akane Otani). Students need about as much money for living than they do for basic tutions at a tech school. Spending money they dont have on: food, clothes, personal items (hair products, toiletries, cell phones, etc.). Thats not including if anything were to get stolen, such as textbooks or computers or anything from their dorm rooms. Theres too much to pay for financia lly with these schools for most of these kids to be attending it. seventeen percent of students who attend ivy league schools are the first of their families to attend school (Ivy Coach). that number triples for those who attend a technical college, so imagine the new burden that they have on their shoulders. not only are they the first to go to school, they are going to a big, brand name one. Stress on an ivy league college student can get so great that it leads to life changing decisions. â€Å"The stresses that comes with academia including pressure to get good grades, financial worries, failed relationships and conflicts with roommates are enough to force some students to leave college or worse. In fact, depression is the number one reason students drop out of school or die by suicide.† ( Pakistan Observer) .It can cause a person to feel a lack of self worth when trying to keep up with other students because they dont believe that they are doing as good as the others, or that they dont get the information as well as everyone else may be comprehending it. what they dont realize is that, most of the time, they all feel this way about each other. this type of emotional stress can lead to them ‘giving up and giving in’ to the pressures around them such as skipping class, slacking off, and dropping out. Embarrassing, not a work commonly used for Ivy League schools, but it’s still one to represent it. They underestimate themselves and develop a feeling of ‘checking your privilege’ (Rega Jha) which people who attend these schools shouldnt do because they are paying so much to attend these schools so they should have gloating rights. this feeling causes them to not want to stand out in the crowd and when everyone is busy trying to convince them how great it is and how well theyre doing, the person who didnt want any attention in the first place, now seems to everyone like thats all they wanted. Then these people who feel inferior to be in an ivy’s presence, expects these students to be geniuses on everything. They are bombarded with ridiculous questions that they never have or will cover in their classes because people expect so much and then are seen as dumb because they dont know the answer and are paying out the butt to have a better education, when in rea lity they could have gotten the same degree and education for a university in their state. It’s embarrassing to be just as smart as they guy at a university when theyre going to an ivy league school to get the exact same degree as the guy next to them. Yes, these schools are viewed as big names for a reason. they are prestige and only have the best of the best. Why is it then that these degrees mean so much more than one someone obtained from a university? because of the name. With so many years to build up the buildings and time to really make it better, how could anything compete? these schools are may even only be seen so greatly because they reject so many. With these schools not even having some of the programs people would need to become what they want most, why wouldnt they work to â€Å"Find the university program that loves you for you, the school that matches your values and specializes in the fields that you are passionate about† (Montesano, Mandell). as a student who goes to a technical college i can never give personal insight to someone who does actually go to an ivy league school. im a realist, so im not one to ever really fantasize or shoot for the stars when my rocket is made of cardboard. Though i admire the ones who shoot for those stars, i think they are crazy and dumb. i hope this paper has shown why my light shines on that idea of ivy league students through the financial struggles, the stress it comes with, and the silent embarrassment.

How computers changes our lives Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

How computers changes our lives - Lab Report Example Computer is a machine, which can be used to store data as well as to receive data. Computer is used as a tool in the society along with the Internet. Computers in the modern world have become a very complex because of a lot of component frame within a single computer and these components functions different functions for different purposes In addition to above, this is a research report consisted of some questions and the response analysis. This research report reveals the way computer is playing an important role to change one’s life. These questions will be regarding the role of computer in changing one’s life. To evaluate or to investigate how far the role of computer in the lives of individuals is deep rooted and what roles it is playing in facilitating the individuals to spend a smooth or comfortable life is the aim of this paper. In this paper, I will be using quantitative method to collect data from different persons and will be using a questionnaire consisted of eight questions. The questionnaire is based on a Likert scale that has the options, strongly agree, agree, agree to some extent, strongly disagree, disagree and disagree to some extent. The sample size is constituted of fifteen respondents. Random sampling was used to select individuals for the survey from the list of contacts that the researcher had on the social media. Using the Microsoft Excel will do the graphical representations. The majority of responses from the survey indicate that it will become evident that there seems to be a strong role of computer in individuals’ lives, especially, to the educated individual’s life. The use of computer in everyday life is increasing day by day from offices to universities (Hilber and LÃ ³pez). Without computer it is not possible for a person to access Internet, the largest and the easiest reservoir of information, entertainment and knowledge. 66% of responses indicate